Formula 1

History of Formula One

Formula One, abbreviated as F1 (or the full name of The FIA ​​Formula One World Championship ), is the highest single seat single car seat class. Consists of a series of races known as the Grand Prix. Races are held in circuits or public roads within the city that are closed to the public. The result determines two world titles, one for the racer and one for the constructors. In races, race cars can reach speeds of 300 km / h (185 mph) generated by a machine that can achieve 900 horsepower on an engine speed of about 18,000 rpm (as of 2005).

Europe is a center of Formula One tradition and remains its center today. Now the Grand Prix has been held all over the world, with new racing series in Bahrain, PRC, Malaysia, Abu Dhabi and Turkey. Formula One is the most expensive car racing in terms of both production and sports.

The rules of the game are governed by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), which is based in Place de la Concorde, Paris. His current president is Max Mosley, and is generally sponsored and governed by authorized commercial rights holder Bernie Ecclestone through various companies.

In Indonesia, Formula One was aired on TVRI from 1963 to 1997, in RCTI from 1998 to 2000, in TPI from 2001 to 2004 and on Global TV from 2005 to present.

The Formula One series has its roots in the European motor grand prix series in the 1920s and 1930s. A number of grand prix racing organizations made a number of rules for the world championship before World War II. By reason of the postponement of the war, the drivers 'world championship was not formalized until 1947 and took place for the first time in 1950. The constructors' world championship then followed in 1958. Formula One racing without title was held for many years, but due to the swelling of competition costs resulted in the competition ending early 1980s.

The sport's name, Formula One, indicates that this is the most advanced and competitive sport among other formula car races.

BEGINNING OF COMPETITION

Formula One world title was first won by Italian racer Giuseppe Farina with his Alfa Romeo in 1950, beating his Argentine teammate Juan Manuel Fangio. However, Fangio won the world title in 1951 and four times in the next six years. Fangio then became a legend that dominated the first years of Formula One competition.

The first world champion from United Kingdom was Mike Hawthorn, who drove a Ferrari winning title in 1958. Then Colin Chapman entered the F1 competition as a car designer and later became the founder of Lotus, the British racing green came to dominate the competition over the next few decades. Jim Clark, Jackie Stewart, Jack Brabham, Graham Hill, and Denny Hulme are a row of riders from the British and Commonwealth teams that won twelve world titles between 1962 and 1973.

In 1962, Lotus introduced a car with an aluminum frame known as monocoque that replaced the traditional tubular frame. The discovery was then a major technological step forward since the discovery of mid-engines. The year 1968 is the first year of this sport to use sponsorship that begins with Lotus who painted "Imperial Tobacco" in his car.

Aerodynamic downforce style slowly plays an important role in car design, beginning with the emergence of aerofoil in the 1960s. In the late 1970s Lotus introduced ground aerodynamics (ground effect) which produced a good compression force that increased the speed at the bend (this concept had previously been tested by Jim Hall with the team.

POPULARITY

1981 was known as the beginning of the Concorde Agreement, a contract that binds teams to compete until the end of the contract. The contract also contains an equal share of the profits earned from the sale of television rights. It is a sign of the end of the FISA-FOCA War. The second Concorde Agreement was signed in 1992 and the third in 1997 which will expire at the end of 2007.

The Renault F1 team introduced a turbocharged engine in 1977 that could produce over 700 bhp. In the years that followed, especially in 1987, Formula One cars could produce more than 1,000 bhp. The FIA ​​then imposed a fuel tank capacity rule in 1984 and subsequently banned the 1989 turbocharged engine to limit the speed of an ever increasing car.

The early 1990s were marked by the introduction of electronic aids such as power steering, traction control and semi-automatic gearboxes. The FIA, due to the many complaints about race outcomes that are more technologically determined than the racer's expertise, banned some of these tools in 1994. However, many observers argue that the ban on racers means nothing at all because the FIA ​​does not have technology or methods to eliminate these features of the competition.

Tim McLaren and Williams dominated the 1980s and 1990s races. Honda and McLaren dominated a lot in the 1980s, while the Renault-powered Rena team won several world titles in the mid-1990s. McLaren then returned in the late 1990s. The battle between Senna and Prost legends took center stage in the 1988 season and continued until late 1993 where Prost declared for retirement. Ayrton Senna was tragically killed in a collision at the 1994 San Marino F1 Grand Prix. Since then many steps have been taken by the FIA ​​to improve safety standards. No rider has been killed in the race since then.

Drivers from Mcalern, Williams, Renault (formerly Benetton) and Ferarri are the top four teams that won the world title from 1984 to the present. Due to technological advances since the 1990s, the cost of Formula One competition has also increased. Both of these resulted in other teams having difficulty not only to survive in competition but to stay in business. Financial problems caused some teams to back off. Since 1990, 28 teams have quit the Formula One competition. One of the things that happened lately is the resignation of the Jordan team.

F1 MODERN

Many records have been broken on the competition in the 21st century, especially in the hands of German racer Michael Schumacher and young Spanish driver Fernando Alonso. The beginning of 2000 was the year of dominance of Michael Schumacher and the Ferarri team. In 2001, Schumacher broke the record for most wins; previous record held by Alain Prost, with 51 wins. In 2002, Schumacher earned the record of the earliest championship claim by winning the French F1 Grand Prix 20022003, Schumacher claimed his 6th world title, beating previous record holder Juan Manuel Fangio who holds the world title five times. The record now is 7 world championship titles. In 2003 Fernando Alonso became the youngest rider to take pole position while leading the qualifying round at the 2003 Malaysian F1 Grand Prix. That year he also became the youngest rider to win the Grand Prix series when he won the Hungarian series. in July of that year.

Despite Ferrari's strong dominance, Kimi Räikkönen driving a McLaren had a great chance to win the world title in the 2003 series. Juan Pablo Montoya who rode Williams also had a great chance in 2003. Ferrari's strong dominance reached a turning point on September 25, 2005, when Fernando Alonso won the 2005 World Series title by finishing in 3rd place at the 2005 Brazilian F1 Grand Prix and also broke the record for the youngest world champion to replace former record holder Emerson Fittipaldi of Brazil. Michael Schumacher previously held the world title for more than 1,800 days.

The qualifying format changed several times in the 2003 competition. One of them is the necessity for the racer to start the race with the same amount of fuel after qualification, which forces the team to find a new strategy. Another rule is restrictions on the use of the same machine for two races. Drivers who change the engine will get a penalty start the race from the back position. Racers are also not allowed to change tires during the race, except to replace damaged tires so they can pose a risk to driver safety.

Several racing series in the 21st century also have some controversial and scandalous. In the 2002 Australian series, Rubens Barrichello, Schumacher's team-mate at lead Ferrari was ordered to allow Schumacher to take over the lead. The FIA ​​then responded by banning the team's order in the new regulations. At the 2005 United States Grand Prix at the Indianapolis circuit, the competition only followed three teams out of a total of 10 teams when the Michelin tire manufacturer informed that its tires were not safe enough to be used in the race, causing all teams using their tires not to follow the race. This is because the FIA ​​refused to change the rules on tires.

Beginning in 2000, the Formula One administration body headed by Bernie Ecclestone made a number of trademarks including official logos and official websites to provide Formula One corporate identity.

The year 2005 marks the end of the era of the 10 cylinder engine used for more than two decades. The new 8 cylinder engine is planned to be introduced at the start of the 2006 season.and 2104 it's new era wtih 1.6 V6 turbocharger.